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PureBasic | |
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PureBasic is an event-driven BASIC programming language for Windows, Linux, Mac OS X, and AmigaOS, developed by Fantaisie Software.
Programs written in PureBasic compile directly to the IA-32, 680x0 and PowerPC instruction sets, generating small standalone executables and DLLs. If OS specific APIs are not used, all supported targets can be built from the same source file with little or no modification. PureBasic executables are compiled instead of interpreted and require no runtime libraries be installed on the end-user's computer (avoiding DLL Hell). PureBasic also runs on all 32 bits Windows versions (Windows NT, Windows 95, and later). PureBasic supports inline assembly, allowing the developer to include FASM assembler commands directly within the PureBasic source code, while using the variables declared in PureBasic source code. Experienced programmers can thus improve the speed of time-critical sections of their code. PureBasic has an extensive set of over 800 commands and direct access to many OS API calls. Example programs The following single line of PureBasic code will create a 3.00 KB (3,072 bytes) standalone executable for Windows. MessageRequester("","Hello World") And the following variation of the same code, which instead uses an inline Win32 API call without the need for declarations or other external references, will create an even smaller 2.00 KB (2,048 bytes) standalone executable for Windows. MessageBox_(0,"Hello World","",0) Lastly, the following is a short example of a Windows PureBasic program. Whatever the user types into the two boxes, their sum is displayed to the right of them. It demonstrates how a window is created, items added, and events and simple mathematics performed. This code compiles into a 14.5 KB (14,848 bytes) standalone executable for Windows. OpenWindow(1,300,300,100,100,"Title",#PB_Window_SystemMenu) CreateGadgetList(WindowID(1)) StringGadget(1,10,10,50,20,"") StringGadget(2,10,40,50,20,"") TextGadget(3,80,30,50,20,"") Repeat ev=WaitWindowEvent() If ev=#PB_Event_Gadget op1=Val(GetGadgetText(1)) op2=Val(GetGadgetText(2)) SetGadgetText(3,Str(op1+op2)) EndIf Until ev=#PB_Event_CloseWindow End Selected milestones December 17, 2000 PureBasic v2.00 for Windows is released, marking the first non-beta version available to the public. May 8, 2006 PureBasic v4.00 for Windows is released and has undergone its most important upgrade ever: colors for all gadgets, faster file operations due to buffering, Unicode support, UDP network support, unlimited-length strings, fixed-length strings, thread-safety, 'EnableExplicit' command to prevent mistyped variable names (equivalent to 'Option Explicit' in Visual Basic), new data types of Characters, Doubles and Quads, Xor and Not operators, macros, multiple 'Case' selection (eg. 1 To 5), a new 'Process' library for manipulating system processes, an updated OGRE game engine, and much more. In addition, a brand-new GUI form designer is currently underway. July 28, 2006 The first tutorial book specifically for PureBasic v4.00 is published: Purebasic - A Beginner's Guide To Computer Programming Dec 10, 2006 PureBasic v4.00 for Amiga is released as open source due to no longer being officially supported. Apr 15, 2007 PureBasic v4.00 for Linux is released. original - http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PureBasic Romada - (pancho-icq@rambler.ru) |
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| Forest Tree Species Diversity Depends on Individual Variation
It's a paradox that's puzzled scientists for a half-century. Models clearly show that the coexistence of competing species depends on those species responding differently to the availability of resources. Then why do studies comparing competing tree species draw a blank? Competitors like black gums and red maples have coexisted for millennia in the shaded understories of eastern U.S. forests, yet species-level data offer scant proof that they respond differently to ...
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